CLAT UG
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LATEST UPDATE
The CLAT UG 2026 exam is scheduled for December 7, 2025. The examination will be held in offline (pen-and-paper) mode from 2:00 P.M. to 4:00 P.M.. Registration generally begins around August 2025, with applications closing in late October or early November 2025.
IMORTANT DATES
As per last year’s pattern, the CLAT examination is expected to be conducted in the month of December this year as well.. The offline, pen-and-paper format will be used.
Event | Dates |
Notification Release Date | July |
Opening of CLAT application form | August |
Last date of application | October |
Application Form Correction Window Opens | October Last Week |
Application Form Correction Window Closes | October Last Week |
Issue of CLAT Admit Cards | November First Week (Tentative) |
CLAT Exam Date | December |
PROGRAMS OFFERED
Through CLAT, candidates can get admission to undergraduate and postgraduate law programmes offered by participating National Law Universities (NLUs).
At the undergraduate level, CLAT offers five-year integrated law courses such as BA LLB, BBA LLB, BSc LLB, BCom LLB, and BS LLB, depending on the NLU.
At the postgraduate level, CLAT offers admission to the one-year LLM programme with various specializations like constitutional law, corporate law, criminal law, international law, and related areas.
TOP COLLEGES & TOTAL SEATS
CLAT scores are accepted by India’s top National Law Universities (NLUs), which are considered the most prestigious law colleges in the country. Admission to these institutes is highly competitive and based on CLAT rank through centralized counselling.
25 National Law Universities around the country
Sl. No. | Partcipating University Name | Official Website | Brochure | City Name |
1. | National Law School of India University | Bengaluru | ||
2. | NALSAR University of LAW | Hyderabad | ||
3. | National Law Institute University | Bhopal | ||
4. | The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences | Kolkata | ||
5. | National Law University | Jodhpur | ||
6. | Hidayatullah National Law University | Raipur | ||
7. | Gujarat National Law University | Gandhinagar | ||
8. | Gujarat National Law University, Silvassa Campus | Silvassa | ||
9. | Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya, National Law Unversity | Lucknow | ||
10. | Rajiv Gandhi National University of Law | Punjab | ||
11. | Chanakya National Law University | Patna | ||
12. | The National University of Advanced Legal Studies | Kochi | ||
13. | National Law University | Odisha | ||
14. | National University of Study and Research in Law | Ranchi | ||
15. | National Law University & Judicial Academy | Assam | ||
16. | Damodaram Sanjivayya National Law University | Visakhapatanam | ||
17. | Tamil Nadu National Law University | Tiruchirappalli | ||
18. | Maharashtra National Law Unversity, Mumbai | Mumbai | ||
19. | Maharashtra National Law Unversity, Nagpur | Nagpur | ||
20. | Maharashtra National Law Unversity, Aurangabad | Aurangabad | ||
21. | Himachal Pradesh National Law Unversity | Shimla | ||
22. | Dharmashastra National Law University | Jabalpur | ||
23. | Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Law University | Haryana | ||
24. | National Law University, Tripura | AGARTALA | ||
25. | Dr. Rajendra Prasad National Law University | Prayagraj |
Through CLAT, approximately 3,400 to 3,500 seats are offered each year across participating National Law Universities (NLUs).
Out of these, around 3,200 seats are for UG programmes (five-year integrated LLB), and about 1,200 seats are for PG programmes (LLM). The exact seat count may vary slightly each year depending on participating NLUs and seat revisions.
HOW TO APPLY
To apply for the CLAT UG exam, candidates must follow a structured online application process outlined by the Consortium of National Law Universities. Below is a step-by-step guide to help you apply successfully:
Visit the Official Website:
Go to the official CLAT website: consortiumofnlus.ac.in.
Locate and click on the “CLAT 2026” link on the homepage.
Register an Account:
Click on the “New Registration” tab.
Provide your personal mobile number and email ID to create an account.
An OTP (One-Time Password) will be sent to your registered mobile number for validation.
After verifying the OTP, set a password and complete the registration process.
Log In to Your Account:
Use your registered mobile number and password to log in to your CLAT account.
Fill Out the Application Form:
Complete the application form with accurate details in the following sections:
Personal Information: Enter your name, parents’ names, date of birth, gender, nationality, and NRI status (if applicable). Ensure names match your certificates/mark sheets/identity proof.
Communication Details: Provide your permanent and correspondence address, email ID, and phone number.
Educational Qualifications: Enter details of your Class 10 and Class 12 exams, including board, passing status, percentage/CGPA, and year of passing. If appearing for Class 12 in March/April, select “Appearing in Qualifying Exam.”
Category and Reservation: Specify your category (General/OBC/SC/ST/PwD/BPL) and upload relevant certificates if applicable.
Test Centre Preferences: Select at least three preferred exam centres from the available list (over 130 centres across India). Choose centres based on proximity and convenience to avoid last-minute issues.
Review all details carefully, as changes to program, category, or BPL fields are not allowed after submission.
Upload Required Documents:
Document | Image size (maximum) | Format |
Photograph | 500 KB | jpg / jpeg |
Signature | 100 KB | jpg / jpeg |
State domicile certificate | 2 MB |
Upload scanned copies of the following in the specified format (check the official website for size and format requirements):
Recent passport-size photograph with a plain background.
Scanned signature.
Class 10 and 12 mark sheets (if available).
Category certificate (e.g., SC/ST/OBC/PwD/BPL) if applicable.
NRI or other relevant certificates (if applicable).
Ensure documents are clear and meet the specified guidelines to avoid rejection.
Pay the Application Fee:
Category | Fees |
General / OBC / PwD / NRI / PIO / OCI Category | Rs. 4,000/- |
SC / ST / BPL Category | Rs. 3,500/- |
Pay the non-refundable application fee online via net banking, UPI, or credit/debit cards:
General/OBC/PWD/NRI/PIO/OCI: Rs. 4,000.
SC/ST/BPL: Rs. 3,500.
An additional Rs. 500 is charged for purchasing previous years’ question papers (optional).
Bank transaction charges may apply and will be displayed on the payment gateway.
Save the payment receipt for future reference.
Review and Submit:
Carefully review all entered details and uploaded documents.
Click the “Submit Form” button to finalize your application.
Download and print the confirmation page for your records.
Application Correction (if needed):
The Consortium may provide a correction window in October to modify limited fields like name, photo, or test centre preferences. Log in to your CLAT account, click “Edit Application Form,” make changes, and resubmit.
Note that fields like program (UG/PG), category, or BPL status cannot be changed after submission.
Download Admit Card:
After successful registration, the CLAT admit card will be available for download in mid-November from the official website. Log in to your account to access it.
Important Dates:
Application window: August 1, 2025 – October 31, 2025.
Exam date: December 7, 2025 (2 PM to 4 PM, offline mode).
Tips for a Smooth Application Process:
Apply early to avoid website crashes due to heavy traffic near the deadline.
Ensure all details match your official documents to prevent disqualification.
Keep digital copies of required documents ready before starting the application.
Regularly check the official CLAT website (consortiumofnlus.ac.in) for updates or notifications.
Select exam centres close to your residence to minimize travel stress.
Note: If you face issues during the application process, refer to the “Help” section on the Consortium’s website or contact their support team. For detailed guidelines, always consult the official CLAT notification on the Consortium’s website.
EXAM CENTERS
The CLAT examination will be conducted across more than 131 centres situated in 89+ cities spanning 25 states and union territories in India, ensuring widespread accessibility for candidates.
States | Cities |
Andhra Pradesh | Anantapur, Chirala, Eluru, Guntur, Kadapa, Kakinada, Kurnool, Nellore, Ongole, Rajahmundry, Srikakulam, Tekkali, Tirupathi, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Vizanagaram |
Arunachal Pradesh | Itanagar / Naharlagun |
Assam | Dibrugarh, Guwahati, Jorhat, Silchar, Tezpur |
Bihar | Arrah, Bhagalpur, Darbhanga, Gaya, Muzaffarpur, Patna, Purnea |
Chandigarh | Chandigarh |
Chhattisgarh | Bilaspur, Bhilai Nagar, Durg, Raipur |
Delhi | New Delhi |
Goa | Panaji / Madgaon |
Gujarat | Ahmedabad, Anand, Bhavnagar, Gandhinagar, Himatnagar, Jamnagar, Mehsana, Rajkot, Sonipat, Yamuna Nagar |
Himachal Pradesh | Bilaspur, Hamirpur, Kangra, Kullu, Mandi, Shimla, Una |
Jammu and Kashmir | Jammu, Samba, Srinagar |
Jharkhand | Bokaro Steel, Dhanbad, Hazaribagh, Jamshedpur, Ranchi |
ADMIT CARD
The CLAT UG Admit Card is a crucial document required to appear for the Common Law Admission Test (CLAT) scheduled for December. Below is detailed information about the admit card based on the standard process outlined by the Consortium of National Law Universities:
Key Details About the CLAT UG Admit Card:
Release Date:
The admit card is expected to be available for download in mid of November (typically 2-3 weeks before the exam). The exact date will be announced on the official CLAT website (consortiumofnlus.ac.in).
How to Download the Admit Card:
Visit the official CLAT website: consortiumofnlus.ac.in.
Log in to your CLAT account using your registered mobile number and password.
Navigate to the “Download Admit Card” section.
Click on the link to download the admit card in PDF format.
Verify all details on the admit card and save a copy.
Print at least 2-3 copies of the admit card on A4-size paper for exam day and future reference.
Details Mentioned on the Admit Card: The admit card will contain the following information:
Candidate’s full name (as per the application form).
CLAT application number and roll number.
Date of birth and category.
Parent’s/guardian’s name.
Exam date and time (December, 2:00 PM to 4:00 PM).
Exam centre name and complete address.
Reporting time and exam day instructions.
Candidate’s photograph and signature (as uploaded during application).
Space for candidate’s signature in the presence of the invigilator.
Documents to Carry with the Admit Card:
A printed copy of the CLAT admit card (mandatory).
A valid original photo ID proof (any one of the following):
Aadhaar card.
Voter ID.
Passport.
Driving license.
PAN card.
School/college ID (if applicable).
A recent passport-size photograph (same as uploaded in the application).
For PwD candidates: PwD certificate, if applicable.
Any other documents specified in the admit card instructions.
Exam Day Guidelines:
Candidates must reach the exam centre at least 60-90 minutes before the exam (by 12:30 PM–1:00 PM).
Entry will not be allowed without a valid admit card and photo ID.
Electronic devices, calculators, study materials, or any prohibited items are not allowed inside the exam centre.
Follow the dress code and other instructions mentioned on the admit card.
Discrepancies in the Admit Card:
Check all details on the admit card carefully upon download.
If there are errors (e.g., incorrect name, photo, exam centre, or date of birth), contact the CLAT helpdesk immediately via:
Email: clat@consortiumofnlus.ac.in.
Helpline numbers: Available on the official website.
Corrections must be reported before the exam date, as no changes will be entertained on exam day.
Important Notes:
The admit card will not be sent via post or email; it must be downloaded from the official website.
Keep the admit card safe even after the exam, as it may be required during the counselling and admission process.
The exam centre details on the admit card are final and cannot be changed unless the Consortium announces a specific correction window.
Technical Requirements for Downloading:
Ensure a stable internet connection and a compatible browser (e.g., Chrome, Firefox, or Safari).
Use a computer or smartphone to access the website and download the PDF.
Verify that the downloaded admit card is clear and all details are legible when printed.
EXAM RESULT
The CLAT UG Exam Results are a critical component for candidates seeking admission to undergraduate law programs at National Law Universities (NLUs) and other participating institutions. Below is a comprehensive overview of the CLAT UG result process, based on the standard procedures outlined by the Consortium of National Law Universities.
Key Details About CLAT UG Exam Results
Result Announcement Date:
The CLAT UG results are expected to be declared in late December or early January, typically 2-3 weeks after the exam date.
The exact date will be confirmed on the official CLAT website (consortiumofnlus.ac.in) closer to the result announcement.
How to Check the Result:
Visit the official CLAT website: consortiumofnlus.ac.in.
Log in to your CLAT account using your registered mobile number and password.
Navigate to the “CLAT 2026 Results” or “Scorecard” section.
Click the link to view or download your result/scorecard in PDF format.
Save and print the scorecard for future reference, especially for the counselling and admission process.
Details Mentioned in the Result/Scorecard:
Candidate’s name, roll number, and application number.
Total marks obtained out of 120.
All India Rank (AIR) and category rank (if applicable).
Qualifying status for counselling.
Marks obtained in each section of the exam (English, Current Affairs, Legal Reasoning, Logical Reasoning, Quantitative Techniques).
Category (General/SC/ST/OBC/PwD/NRI, etc.).
Other relevant details like date of birth and exam centre.
Merit List:
The Consortium will release an All India Merit List and category-wise merit lists based on candidates’ performance.
The merit list determines eligibility for counselling and seat allocation at NLUs.
Tie-breaking criteria (in case of equal marks):
Higher marks in the Legal Reasoning section.
Older age.
Computerized draw of lots (if the tie persists).
Answer Key and Result Verification:
Provisional Answer Key: Released a few days after the exam (likely mid-December 2025). Candidates can review it and raise objections if they find discrepancies.
Objection Window: Candidates can submit objections online within a specified period (usually 2-3 days) by paying a fee (e.g., ?1,000 per objection, refundable if the objection is valid).
Final Answer Key: Released after reviewing objections, used to calculate final results.
Check the official website for the answer key and objection submission guidelines.
Cut-Off Marks:
The Consortium will release cut-off marks for each NLU and category after the results.
Cut-offs vary based on the difficulty of the exam, number of applicants, and seat availability.
Candidates meeting or exceeding the cut-off for their preferred NLU and category will be eligible for counselling.
Post-Result Process:
Counselling: Candidates who qualify based on the merit list will be invited for online counselling, starting in January 2026.
Register for counselling on the Consortium’s website.
Submit NLU preferences and pay the counselling fee (e.g., ?30,000 for General/OBC, ?20,000 for SC/ST, adjustable against admission fees).
Seat allotment is based on rank, category, and NLU preferences.
Document Verification: During counselling, candidates must submit:
CLAT 2026 scorecard.
Class 10 and 12 mark sheets and certificates.
Category certificate (if applicable).
NRI/PIO/OCI documents (if applicable).
Other documents as specified by the Consortium or NLUs.
Admission: Final admission is confirmed after document verification and payment of the remaining NLU fees.
Discrepancies in Results:
If there are errors in the scorecard (e.g., incorrect marks or personal details), contact the CLAT helpdesk immediately:
Email: clat@consortiumofnlus.ac.in.
Helpline: Numbers provided on the official website.
Provide your application number, roll number, and supporting documents to resolve issues.
Important Notes:
Results will not be sent via post or email; candidates must download them from the official website.
The scorecard is valid only for the 2026-27 academic session and cannot be used for future CLAT exams.
Keep multiple printed copies of the scorecard, as it is required during counselling, admission, and potentially for future reference.
Results are final after the objection window closes, and no further challenges are entertained.
COUNSELLING PROCESS & CUTOFFS
The CLAT UG counselling procedure is a centralized, online process managed by the Consortium of National Law Universities (NLUs). It facilitates admissions into undergraduate law programs at participating NLUs based on CLAT rank, category, and preferences. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:
Invitation for Counselling
After the CLAT results are announced, the Consortium releases a list of shortlisted candidates (based on rank and category) who are eligible for counselling registration.
Online Registration & Fee Payment
Shortlisted candidates must:
- Log into the official CLAT portal
- Registerfor counselling
Pay the counselling fee:
- Rs. 30,000 for General/OBC candidates
- Rs.20,000 for SC/ST/PwD candidates
- The counselling fee is adjusted against the admission fee but isnon-refundableif the candidate fails to secure a seat.
Filling NLU Preferences
During registration, candidates must fill and lock their preferences for NLUs in the order they wish to be considered for admission.
Tip: Rank the NLUs carefully—once submitted, preferences cannot be changed.
Seat Allotment (Multiple Rounds)
Based on CLAT rank, category, and preferences, the Consortium allots seats in several rounds:
Round 1: Initial allotment
Subsequent Rounds: For upgrades and filling vacancies
For each round, candidates can:
- Accept the allotted seat
- Apply for an upgradewhile retaining the current seat
- Exitthe process
Document Upload & Verification
Candidates accepting a seat must:
- Upload required documents (e.g., 10th/12th marksheets, category certificates, domicile, etc.)
- Verify documents with the allotted NLU
- Pay theadmission fee balance
Final Admission Confirmation
Once the documents are verified and fee is paid, the NLU confirms the candidate’s admission. The candidate must then report to the university as per the academic schedule.
CLAT cutoffs vary every year based on factors like exam difficulty, number of applicants, seat availability, and category. Cutoffs are usually expressed in CLAT ranks, not marks.
For top NLUs (General category), the usual cutoff ranges are:
NLSIU Bengaluru: Rank 1 to 120
NALSAR Hyderabad: Rank 120 to 250
WBNUJS Kolkata: Rank 250 to 400
GNLU Gandhinagar: Rank 400 to 700
NLU Jodhpur / NLIU Bhopal: Rank 700 to 1,200
For mid-tier NLUs, cutoffs generally fall between Rank 1,200 to 3,000, while newer NLUs may have cutoffs extending up to Rank 6,000 to 8,000 for the General category. Reserved category cutoffs are comparatively lower.
OVERVIEW
The Common Law Admission Test (CLAT) is a centralized national-level entrance examination conducted annually for admission to undergraduate and postgraduate law programs offered by the prestigious National Law Universities (NLUs) across India. Established to streamline the admission process to these premier institutions, CLAT assesses candidates on various skills including English language, current affairs, legal aptitude, logical reasoning, and quantitative techniques. It serves as a critical gateway for aspiring law students seeking admission into some of the most reputed law schools in the country, providing a standardized and transparent platform for evaluating academic potential and aptitude in the field of law.
Particulars | Description |
Exam Name | Common Law Admission Test |
Conducting Body | Consortium of National Law Universities, comprising representative universities |
Purpose of the Exam | Entrance exam for admissions to undergraduate & postgraduate law programmes offered by 24 National Law Universities in India. |
Exam Frequency | Once in a Year |
Exam Level | National |
Candidates Registered Last Year | 71,243 candidates Registered |
Test Takers Last Year | 68,786 Appeared |
Help Desk | 08047162020 |
Official Website |
25 National Law Universities around the country
Sl. No. | Partcipating University Name | Official Website | Brochure | City Name |
1. | National Law School of India University | Bengaluru | ||
2. | NALSAR University of LAW | Hyderabad | ||
3. | National Law Institute University | Bhopal | ||
4. | The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences | Kolkata | ||
5. | National Law University | Jodhpur | ||
6. | Hidayatullah National Law University | Raipur | ||
7. | Gujarat National Law University | Gandhinagar | ||
8. | Gujarat National Law University, Silvassa Campus | Silvassa | ||
9. | Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya, National Law Unversity | Lucknow | ||
10. | Rajiv Gandhi National University of Law | Punjab | ||
11. | Chanakya National Law University | Patna | ||
12. | The National University of Advanced Legal Studies | Kochi | ||
13. | National Law University | Odisha | ||
14. | National University of Study and Research in Law | Ranchi | ||
15. | National Law University & Judicial Academy | Assam | ||
16. | Damodaram Sanjivayya National Law University | Visakhapatanam | ||
17. | Tamil Nadu National Law University | Tiruchirappalli | ||
18. | Maharashtra National Law Unversity, Mumbai | Mumbai | ||
19. | Maharashtra National Law Unversity, Nagpur | Nagpur | ||
20. | Maharashtra National Law Unversity, Aurangabad | Aurangabad | ||
21. | Himachal Pradesh National Law Unversity | Shimla | ||
22. | Dharmashastra National Law University | Jabalpur | ||
23. | Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Law University | Haryana | ||
24. | National Law University, Tripura | AGARTALA | ||
25. | Dr. Rajendra Prasad National Law University | Prayagraj |
CLAT is conducted once a year, usually in December. The exam tests subjects like English, Legal Aptitude, Logical Reasoning, General Knowledge, and Mathematics. It offers admission to both undergraduate (LLB) and postgraduate (LLM) law programs.
Particulars | Description |
Exam Mode | Offline – Pen & Paper Based |
Exam Question Type | Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) |
Total No. of Questions | 120 |
Total No. of Marks | 120 Marks |
Total Duration | 2 hours (120 minutes) |
Negative Marking | +1 mark for each correct answer, ?0.25 mark for each incorrect answer |
Exam Language | English |
SELECTION PROCESS
The CLAT UG selection process is a structured, merit-based procedure involving multiple stages that ensure fair and transparent admission to undergraduate law programs at National Law Universities (NLUs). Here’s an overview:
CLAT UG Entrance Examination
Candidates appear for the CLAT UG exam, which is a 2-hour offline (pen-and-paper) test comprising 120 multiple-choice questions across five sections: English, Current Affairs, Legal Reasoning, Logical Reasoning, and Quantitative Techniques.
Result Declaration & Rank List
After the exam, the Consortium of NLUs releases the result along with an All India Rank (AIR) list. Candidates also receive their section-wise scores and percentile.
Publication of Merit List
A consolidated merit list is prepared based on candidates’ scores. Separate category-wise merit lists (General, SC/ST, OBC, PwD, etc.) are also released.
Counselling Registration
Candidates who qualify based on cut-off ranks are invited to register for centralized counselling. This involves:
a. Paying a counselling fee (usually Rs.30,000 for General/OBC and Rs.20,000 for SC/ST/PwD)
b. Submitting preferences for NLUs in order of priority
Seat Allotment (Multiple Rounds)
Based on the rank, category, and NLU preferences, seats are allotted in multiple rounds. After each round, candidates can:
a. Accept the seat
b. Apply for an upgrade in the next round
c. Exit the counselling process
Document Verification & Admission Confirmation
Once a seat is accepted, candidates must verify their documents at the allotted NLU and pay the remaining admission fee to confirm admission.
EXAM SYLLABUS
The CLAT UG (Common Law Admission Test for Undergraduate) is an entrance exam for admission to undergraduate law programs at National Law Universities (NLUs) in India. The syllabus is designed to test a candidate’s aptitude for legal studies, focusing on reasoning, comprehension, and general awareness. Below is a detailed breakdown of the CLAT UG syllabus, based on the official structure provided by the Consortium of NLUs and other reliable sources.
Overview of CLAT UG Exam
Duration: 2 hours
Format: 120 multiple-choice questions
Total Marks: 120 (1 mark per question, 0.25 marks deducted for each incorrect answer)
Sections: The exam tests five key areas:
English Language
Current Affairs, including General Knowledge
Legal Reasoning
Logical Reasoning
Quantitative Techniques
Each section evaluates specific skills, and the questions are passage-based, requiring candidates to read and analyze texts to answer questions.
Detailed Syllabus Breakdown
1. English Language
Weightage: Approximately 22-26 questions (20% of the paper)
Objective: Tests comprehension, vocabulary, and grammar skills through passage-based questions.
Key Topics:
Reading Comprehension: Candidates must read passages (around 450 words) drawn from fiction, non-fiction, or journalistic sources and answer questions about:
Main idea or theme of the passage
Inferences and conclusions
Meaning of words or phrases in context
Tone, perspective, or purpose of the author
Vocabulary:
Synonyms and antonyms
Contextual word meanings
Idioms and phrases
Grammar:
Sentence correction
Fill-in-the-blanks
Parts of speech, tenses, and sentence structure
Skills Tested:
Ability to summarize and interpret texts
Understanding arguments and viewpoints
Identifying contradictions or inconsistencies
Preparation Tips:
Read editorials, opinion pieces, and novels to improve comprehension.
Practice vocabulary through word lists and contextual exercises.
Solve previous years’ CLAT papers for passage-based practice.
2. Current Affairs, including General Knowledge
Weightage: Approximately 28-32 questions (25% of the paper)
Objective: Assesses awareness of recent events and static general knowledge through passage-based questions.
Key Topics:
Current Affairs:
National and international news (last 12-18 months)
Political developments
Economic updates
Science and technology advancements
Sports and awards
Significant government policies and schemes
Static General Knowledge:
History (modern and contemporary)
Geography
Indian Constitution and polity
International organizations
Art and culture
Question Types:
Passage-based questions (450 words) from news articles, editorials, or reports
Questions may ask for:
Key facts or events mentioned
Implications or significance of events
Connections between events and broader issues
Preparation Tips:
Follow daily newspapers (e.g., The Hindu, Indian Express) and magazines (e.g., India Today, Frontline).
Use apps or websites like GKToday or Jagran Josh for concise updates.
Revise static GK from standard books like Lucent’s General Knowledge.
3. Legal Reasoning
Weightage: Approximately 28-32 questions (25% of the paper)
Objective: Tests the ability to understand legal principles, apply them to factual scenarios, and draw conclusions.
Key Topics:
Legal Knowledge:
Basic understanding of legal terms and maxims (e.g., volenti non fit injuria, mens rea)
Fundamental rights, duties, and principles in the Indian Constitution
Key areas of law: Criminal Law, Contract Law, Tort Law, Constitutional Law
Passage-Based Questions:
Passages (around 450 words) present a legal scenario, principle, or case study.
Questions test:
Application of legal principles to hypothetical situations
Identification of arguments or counterarguments
Understanding the impact of new laws or amendments
Skills Tested:
Logical application of legal principles without requiring prior legal knowledge
Analyzing and interpreting legal texts
Evaluating outcomes based on given facts
Preparation Tips:
Read simplified legal texts or books like “Legal Awareness and Legal Reasoning” by A.P. Bhardwaj.
Stay updated on landmark judgments and legal amendments.
Practice mock tests to understand how principles are applied to scenarios.
4. Logical Reasoning
Weightage: Approximately 22-26 questions (20% of the paper)
Objective: Evaluates critical thinking, argument analysis, and logical deduction through passage-based questions.
Key Topics:
Analytical Reasoning:
Syllogisms
Blood relations
Directions and distances
Coding-decoding
Seating arrangements
Critical Reasoning:
Passage-based questions (300-450 words) testing:
Identifying assumptions in arguments
Strengthening or weakening arguments
Drawing inferences or conclusions
Analogies and logical consistency
Skills Tested:
Recognizing patterns and relationships
Evaluating arguments for flaws or biases
Making logical deductions
Preparation Tips:
Practice with books like “A Modern Approach to Verbal & Non-Verbal Reasoning” by R.S. Aggarwal.
Solve puzzles and logical reasoning questions from online platforms.
Focus on understanding argument structures in editorials or opinion pieces.
5. Quantitative Techniques
Weightage: Approximately 10-14 questions (10% of the paper)
Objective: Tests basic mathematical skills and data interpretation, primarily at a Class 10 level, through passage-based or standalone questions.
Key Topics:
Arithmetic:
Percentages
Profit and loss
Ratio and proportion
Time, speed, and distance
Simple and compound interest
Averages
Data Interpretation:
Tables, bar graphs, pie charts, and line graphs
Caselets (short data-based passages)
Elementary Mathematics:
Number system
Fractions and decimals
Mensuration (area, volume, perimeter)
Algebra (basic equations)
Question Types:
Passage-based data interpretation (e.g., analyzing a table or graph)
Direct calculation-based questions
Questions requiring logical application of math to real-world scenarios
Preparation Tips:
Revise Class 10 NCERT Mathematics chapters.
Practice data interpretation from previous CLAT papers or CAT quantitative aptitude resources.
Focus on speed and accuracy in calculations.
EXAM PATTERN
The CLAT UG (Common Law Admission Test for Undergraduate) is a national-level entrance exam conducted by the Consortium of National Law Universities (NLUs) for admission to undergraduate law programs (5-year integrated LLB) at 24 NLUs and other participating institutions in India. Below is a detailed explanation of the CLAT UG exam pattern, based on the official structure provided by the Consortium and consistent with recent trends.
1. Mode of Examination
Type: Offline, pen-and-paper-based test Format: Objective-type, multiple-choice questions (MCQs) Medium: English only
2. Duration
Total Time: 2 hours (120 minutes) Note: No sectional time limits; candidates can allocate time across sections as needed.
3. Total Questions and Marks
Total Questions: 120 MCQs Total Marks: 120
Each correct answer: +1 mark Each incorrect answer: -0.25 marks (negative marking) Unanswered questions: 0 marks
4. Sections and Weightage
The CLAT UG exam is divided into five sections, each testing specific skills. The approximate number of questions and weightage for each section are as follows:
Test Mode | Name of Test | No. of Questions | Total Marks | Duration |
Offline Test | English Language | 22 – 26 Q | 120 Marks | 120 Minutes |
Legal Aptitude | 28 – 32 Q | |||
Logical Reasoning | 22 – 26 Q | |||
Quantitative Techniques | 10 – 14 Q | |||
General Knowledge and Current Affairs | 28 – 32 Q | |||
Total | 120 Questions |
5. Question Structure
Passage-Based Questions:
Most sections (English Language, Current Affairs, Legal Reasoning, and Logical Reasoning) feature passages of approximately 300–450 words.
Each passage is followed by 4–6 MCQs that test comprehension, analysis, or application of concepts.
Quantitative Techniques:
Questions may be passage-based (e.g., data interpretation from tables or graphs) or standalone numerical problems.
Typically involves short data sets or caselets requiring basic calculations.
Options: Each question has 4 answer choices, with only one correct option.
6. Section-Wise Breakdown
English Language
Question Type: Passage-based (450 words, drawn from fiction, non-fiction, editorials, or journalistic sources).
Skills Tested:
Reading comprehension
Vocabulary (contextual meanings, synonyms, antonyms)
Grammar (sentence correction, fill-in-the-blanks)
Inference-making, identifying tone, purpose, or arguments
Example: A passage on climate change might ask about the author’s viewpoint, the meaning of a phrase, or logical conclusions based on the text.
Current Affairs, including General Knowledge
Question Type: Passage-based (450 words, sourced from news articles, reports, or editorials).
Skills Tested:
Awareness of recent events (national/international news, policies, awards, etc.)
Static GK (history, geography, polity, culture)
Analyzing the significance or implications of events
Example: A passage on a recent Supreme Court judgment might ask about its impact or key facts mentioned.
Legal Reasoning
Question Type: Passage-based (450 words, presenting legal scenarios, principles, or hypothetical cases).
Skills Tested:
Understanding and applying legal principles to factual situations
Identifying arguments, counterarguments, or legal outcomes
No prior legal knowledge required; all necessary information is provided in the passage
Example: A passage on a contract law principle might ask how it applies to a given dispute.
Logical Reasoning
Question Type: Passage-based (300–450 words) or standalone analytical reasoning questions.
Skills Tested:
Critical reasoning: Identifying assumptions, strengthening/weakening arguments, drawing inferences
Analytical reasoning: Syllogisms, blood relations, seating arrangements, coding-decoding
Example: A passage arguing for policy reform might ask which option weakens the argument or what assumption it relies on.
Quantitative Techniques
Question Type: Passage-based (data interpretation) or standalone numerical questions.
Skills Tested:
Basic arithmetic (percentages, ratios, profit/loss, etc.)
Data interpretation (tables, graphs, charts)
Elementary mathematics (Class 10 level, e.g., mensuration, algebra)
Example: A table showing sales data might ask for percentage growth or profit calculations.
7. Scoring and Negative Marking
Marking Scheme:
Correct answer: +1 mark
Incorrect answer: -0.25 marks
Unattempted question: 0 marks
Impact of Negative Marking: Accuracy is crucial, as incorrect answers can significantly reduce the score. For example, four wrong answers cancel out one correct answer.
8. Difficulty Level
Overall Difficulty: Moderate to challenging, depending on preparation.
Section-Wise:
English: Moderate; requires strong reading and vocabulary skills.
Current Affairs: Moderate; depends on awareness of recent events.
Legal Reasoning: Moderate to difficult; tests logical application of unfamiliar concepts.
Logical Reasoning: Moderate; requires practice in critical and analytical reasoning.
Quantitative Techniques: Easy to moderate; basic math skills are sufficient, but time management is key.
9. Time Management
Total Time: 120 minutes for 120 questions (approximately 1 minute per question).
Challenges:
Passage-based questions require reading and analyzing 300–450-word texts, which can be time-consuming.
Quantitative Techniques may involve calculations, requiring speed and accuracy.
Strategy:
Allocate time proportionally to section weightage (e.g., ~30 minutes for Legal Reasoning and Current Affairs, ~20–25 minutes for English and Logical Reasoning, ~15 minutes for Quantitative Techniques).
Prioritize sections based on personal strengths.
Skip time-consuming questions and return to them if time permits.
10. Exam Date and Schedule
Expected Date: First Sunday of December 2025 (likely December 7, 2025, based on past trends).
Timing: Typically 2:00 PM to 4:00 PM (subject to confirmation by the Consortium).
Notification: Check the Consortium of NLUs website (consortiumofnlus.ac.in) for official announcements.
11. Additional Features
No Sectional Cut-Offs: The overall score determines admission; there are no minimum marks required per section.
Tie-Breaking Criteria:
Higher marks in Legal Reasoning
Older age
Computerized draw of lots
Accessibility: Special arrangements for candidates with disabilities (e.g., extra time, scribe) as per Consortium guidelines.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
The eligibility criteria for the CLAT UG (Common Law Admission Test for Undergraduate) are set by the Consortium of National Law Universities (NLUs) to ensure candidates meet the requirements for admission to the 5-year integrated LLB programs offered by 24 NLUs and other participating institutions in India. Below is a detailed explanation of the eligibility criteria for CLAT UG, based on official guidelines from the Consortium and consistent with recent trends.
Detailed Eligibility Criteria for CLAT UG
The eligibility criteria cover academic qualifications, minimum marks, age limits, and other conditions. These are designed to ensure candidates are prepared for the rigors of legal education.
1. Academic Qualifications
Educational Requirement:
Candidates must have completed or be appearing for their Class 12 (10+2) or equivalent examination from a recognized board or institution in India or abroad.
The equivalent examination could include:
Senior Secondary School Examination (CBSE, ICSE, or state boards)
Any other examination recognized as equivalent to 10+2 by the Consortium or participating NLUs.
Appearing Candidates:
Candidates appearing for their Class 12 or equivalent examination are eligible to apply for CLAT UG.
Such candidates must provide proof of passing the qualifying examination (Class 12 mark sheet) at the time of admission, failing which their candidature will be canceled.
2. Minimum Marks Requirement
General Category:
Candidates must secure at least 45% marks in aggregate in their Class 12 or equivalent examination.
SC/ST Categories:
Candidates belonging to Scheduled Caste (SC) or Scheduled Tribe (ST) categories must secure at least 40% marks in aggregate in their Class 12 or equivalent examination.
Note:
The percentage is calculated based on the aggregate marks of all subjects in the qualifying examination.
For boards that use grades (e.g., CGPA), candidates must convert their grades to an equivalent percentage as per the board’s conversion formula and meet the minimum marks requirement.
If a candidate’s board includes specific subjects in the aggregate calculation (e.g., best of four subjects), the Consortium’s guidelines will apply, and candidates must clarify this with their board or the Consortium.
3. Age Limit
No Upper Age Limit:
As per the Supreme Court’s ruling and Consortium guidelines, there is no upper age limit for appearing in CLAT UG 2026.
This applies to all categories (General, OBC, SC/ST, etc.).
No Lower Age Limit:
The Consortium does not specify a minimum age requirement, but candidates must have completed or be appearing for Class 12, which typically implies they are at least 17 years old at the time of admission.
4. Nationality
Eligible Candidates:
Indian Nationals: Candidates who are citizens of India are eligible.
Non-Resident Indians (NRIs): NRIs can apply, but they may need to check specific NLU policies for NRI-sponsored or foreign national seats.
Foreign Nationals: Some NLUs offer seats for foreign nationals, but eligibility and application processes may differ. Foreign nationals should contact individual NLUs or the Consortium for details.
OCI/PIO: Overseas Citizens of India (OCI) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIO) are generally treated similarly to Indian nationals for CLAT eligibility, but they should verify specific NLU policies.
5. Category-Based Reservations
Reservation Categories:
Each NLU follows reservation policies as per government regulations, including quotas for:
Scheduled Castes (SC)
Scheduled Tribes (ST)
Other Backward Classes (OBC) (Non-Creamy Layer, where applicable)
Economically Weaker Sections (EWS)
Persons with Disabilities (PwD)
State-specific domicile reservations (varies by NLU)
Candidates claiming reservation must provide valid certificates (e.g., SC/ST certificate, EWS certificate, PwD certificate) at the time of admission.
Horizontal Reservations:
Some NLUs offer horizontal reservations for women, PwD, or other special categories within the main reservation framework.
Example: A candidate may qualify under both SC and PwD categories, depending on the NLU’s policy.
Documents Required:
Category certificates issued by competent authorities (e.g., District Magistrate, Sub-Divisional Officer).
Certificates must be valid and issued within the timeframe specified by the Consortium or NLU.
6. Persons with Disabilities (PwD)
Eligibility:
Candidates with disabilities (as defined under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016) are eligible to apply under the PwD category.
A minimum disability of 40% is typically required to claim reservation benefits.
Special Provisions:
PwD candidates may request accommodations during the exam, such as:
Extra time (typically 20 minutes per hour, i.e., 40 extra minutes for the 2-hour exam).
Use of a scribe or reader, subject to Consortium guidelines.
Candidates must submit a valid disability certificate issued by a recognized medical authority at the time of application or admission.
Application Process:
Indicate PwD status during the CLAT application process and provide necessary documentation.
Contact the Consortium or exam authorities in advance to arrange accommodations.
7. Number of Attempts
No Limit: There is no restriction on the number of times a candidate can attempt CLAT UG, provided they meet the academic and marks criteria each time they apply.
8. Specific NLU Requirements
Variations Across NLUs:
While the CLAT UG score is accepted by all 24 NLUs, some NLUs may have additional eligibility criteria for admission, such as:
Domicile requirements for state-reserved seats.
Specific subject requirements in Class 12 (e.g., some NLUs may prefer candidates with certain subjects, though this is rare).
Candidates should check the admission policies of their preferred NLUs on their respective websites or the Consortium’s portal (consortiumofnlus.ac.in).
NRI/Foreign National Seats:
Some NLUs reserve seats for NRI/NRI-sponsored or foreign national candidates. These seats may have different eligibility criteria (e.g., higher fees, specific documentation).
Example: Proof of NRI status or sponsorship documents may be required.
9. Important Notes
Provisional Admission:
Candidates appearing for Class 12 in 2026 must submit their mark sheet at the time of admission (typically June/July 2026). Failure to meet the minimum marks requirement (45% for General, 40% for SC/ST) will result in disqualification.
Verification:
All eligibility documents (Class 12 mark sheet, category certificates, PwD certificates, etc.) are verified during the counseling and admission process. Any discrepancy can lead to cancellation of candidature.
Foreign Board Candidates:
Candidates from international boards (e.g., IB, IGCSE) must ensure their qualification is recognized as equivalent to Class 12 by the Association of Indian Universities (AIU) or the Consortium.
Application Process:
Candidates must indicate their category (General, SC, ST, OBC, EWS, PwD, etc.) during the CLAT UG 2026 application process and upload relevant documents.
The application form is typically available online on the Consortium’s website from July/August 2025.
10. Key Documents Required
At the time of application or admission, candidates may need to provide:
Class 10 and 12 mark sheets (or equivalent).
Category certificate (SC/ST/OBC/EWS) issued by a competent authority.
PwD certificate, if applicable.
Domicile certificate, if applying for state-specific seats.
Passport-size photographs and identity proof (e.g., Aadhaar, passport).
NRI/OCI/PIO documents, if applicable.
Key Points to Remember
Check Official Notifications: The Consortium may update eligibility criteria for CLAT UG 2026. Regularly check the official website (consortiumofnlus.ac.in) for the latest information.
Category Certificates: Ensure all certificates are valid and issued by recognized authorities. Invalid or expired certificates can lead to rejection.
No Age Restriction: The removal of the upper age limit makes CLAT UG accessible to candidates of all ages, provided they meet academic criteria.
Counseling Process: Meeting eligibility criteria allows candidates to appear for CLAT, but admission depends on the CLAT score, rank, and NLU-specific requirements during centralized counseling.
IMPORTANT DATES
The CLAT 2026 exam was successfully conducted on 7th December 2025. The provisional answer key rolled out on 10th December with 2 days of objection window which closed on 12th December.
The CLAT results were released on 16 December 2025. All details of CLAT 2026 examination has been covered below.
Event | Dates |
Notification Release Date | 20 July 2025 |
Opening of CLAT application form | 1 August 2025 |
Last date of application | 31 October 2025 |
Application Form Correction Window Opens | October Last Week |
Application Form Correction Window Closes | October Last Week |
Issue of CLAT Admit Cards | November First Week (Tentative) |
CLAT Exam Date | 07 December 2025 |
Here’s the CLAT UG 2026 Exam Dates in point-wise format for quick reference:
Registration Opens: 1?August?2025 (Friday)
Registration Closes: 31?October?2025 (Friday, 11:59?PM)
Extended Last Date: 7?November?2025 (Friday, 11:59?PM)** (extended deadline)**
Important: This schedule is for CLAT 2026 exam (held on 7?December?2025) — meaning candidates registered between August and October/November 2025 to appear in that exam cycle.