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UPSC IES (Engineering Services) Mains

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UPSC IES Mains 2026: Latest Update
The UPSC Engineering Services (IES/ESE) 2026 Preliminary Examination was conducted on 08 February 2026 in two sessions. The official notification for the exam was released on 26 September 2025, announcing a total of 474 vacancies. Candidates who successfully clear the Preliminary stage will be eligible to appear for the Main Examination scheduled on 21 June 2026.


Overview
The UPSC Engineering Services Examination (IES/ESE) is a national-level competitive exam conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) for the recruitment of engineering graduates into prestigious government departments. The exam is held annually for four major disciplines: Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, and Electronics & Telecommunication.

The selection process consists of three stages—Preliminary, Main, and Personality Test. The Preliminary exam is objective in nature, while the Main exam is descriptive. Candidates who qualify both written stages are called for the final interview, which plays a crucial role in the final selection.

ParticularDetails
Exam NameIndian Engineering Services (IES)
Conducting AuthorityUnion Public Service Commission (UPSC)
PurposeRecruitment to Group ‘A’ and Group ‘B’ engineering posts in Government of India
Exam LevelNational
Prelims Exam Date08 February 2026
Official Websiteupsc.gov.in

Important Dates
The official notification for ESE 2026 was released on 26 September 2025, and the application process continued until 16 October 2025. The Preliminary Examination was conducted on 08 February 2026, while the Main Examination will be held on 21 June 2026.

EventDate
Notification Release26 September 2025
Last Date to Apply16 October 2025
Prelims Exam08 February 2026
Mains Exam21 June 2026

Vacancy Details
Approximately 474 vacancies have been announced for ESE 2026, including 26 posts reserved for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities (PwBD). These include categories such as locomotor disability, hearing impairment, low vision, and specific learning disabilities.

Reservation is provided for SC, ST, OBC, EWS, and PwBD candidates as per Government of India norms. The final number of vacancies may change depending on administrative requirements.

The recruitment covers multiple Group A and Group B services across the four engineering branches, including departments such as:

  • Central Engineering Services

  • Indian Railway Management Service

  • Border Roads Engineering Service

  • Defence Services Engineering Units

  • Central Power Engineering Service

  • Indian Telecommunication and Radio Regulatory Services

  • Indian Skill Development Service

Final service allocation depends on rank, preferences, medical fitness, and vacancy availability.


Salary Structure
Selected candidates generally join as Assistant Executive Engineers or Assistant Directors under the Junior Time Scale.

LevelPay ScaleCareer Stage
Junior Time Scale₹56,100 – ₹1,77,500At joining
Senior Time Scale₹67,700 – ₹2,08,700After 3–5 years
Junior Administrative Grade₹1,23,100 – ₹2,15,90010–15 years
Senior Administrative Grade₹1,44,200 – ₹2,18,20015–20 years
Higher Administrative Grade₹1,82,200+Senior positions
Apex Scale₹2,25,000Top level

Apart from salary, officers receive several benefits such as:

  • Government accommodation or HRA

  • Official vehicle (as per post)

  • Dearness Allowance

  • CGHS medical facilities

  • Travel allowances

  • National Pension Scheme

  • Leave encashment and gratuity

  • Education allowance for children

  • Transport allowance and other reimbursements

The starting in-hand salary is approximately ₹80,000–₹90,000 per month.


Eligibility Criteria
Candidates must meet the eligibility conditions specified in the official notification.

Nationality
Applicants must be Indian citizens or belong to permitted categories such as subjects of Nepal/Bhutan or persons of Indian origin settled in India with a Government-issued eligibility certificate.

Age Limit (as on 01 January 2026)

  • Minimum: 21 years

  • Maximum: 30 years

Age Relaxation

CategoryRelaxation
SC/ST5 years
OBC (NCL)3 years
PwBDUp to 10 years
Ex-Servicemen / Defence PersonnelAs per rules
Government EmployeesUp to 5–7 years

There is no limit on the number of attempts, provided age criteria are satisfied.

Educational Qualification
Candidates must possess a recognized Engineering degree or equivalent qualification such as AMIE, IETE membership, or other approved professional certifications. Certain Electronics posts may also accept an M.Sc. in relevant subjects.

Medical Standards
Candidates recommended for final selection must pass a medical examination. The decision of the Medical Board is final.


Exam Pattern
The ESE 2026 selection process consists of three stages with a total of 1300 marks.

Stage I – Preliminary Examination (500 Marks)
Objective type with two papers:

  • General Studies & Engineering Aptitude – 200 marks (2 hours)

  • Engineering Discipline – 300 marks (3 hours)

Stage II – Main Examination (600 Marks)
Two descriptive papers of the chosen engineering discipline, each of 300 marks and 3 hours duration.

Stage III – Personality Test (200 Marks)
Interview conducted by UPSC to evaluate technical knowledge, personality, leadership qualities, and decision-making ability.

Important points:

  • Negative marking (1/3) applies only in Prelims

  • Papers are in English

  • Calculators allowed only in Mains

  • PwBD candidates get compensatory time as per rules

  • Final merit is based on Prelims + Mains + Interview


Exam Syllabus
The syllabus is based on the level of an engineering graduate and includes both theoretical concepts and practical applications.

Common Topics (Prelims Paper I)

  • Current affairs related to engineering and industry

  • Engineering mathematics

  • Logical reasoning and analytical ability

  • Design and safety principles

  • Quality standards and project management

  • Energy, environment, and sustainability

  • ICT tools and engineering ethics

Discipline-Specific Subjects
Separate detailed syllabi are available for:

  • Civil Engineering

  • Mechanical Engineering

  • Electrical Engineering

  • Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering

Each discipline covers core technical subjects relevant to university-level engineering.


Selection Process
The recruitment process includes three stages:

  1. Preliminary Examination – Screening stage (objective)

  2. Main Examination – Descriptive technical papers

  3. Personality Test – Interview conducted by UPSC

Final selection is based on combined marks of Mains and Interview, and service allocation depends on rank, preferences, and vacancies.


How to Apply
The application process for ESE 2026 was conducted online between 26 September and 16 October 2025 through the UPSC portal.

Steps:

  1. Visit upsconline.nic.in

  2. Register and generate a Universal Registration Number (URN)

  3. Fill the Common Application Form

  4. Complete the exam-specific application

  5. Choose discipline and exam centre

  6. Pay the application fee (₹200 for General/OBC/EWS; exempted for SC/ST/Female/PwBD)

  7. Submit and download the confirmation page

Documents required:

  • Recent photograph and signature

  • Valid photo ID

  • Educational and category certificates


Exam Centres
The Preliminary Examination is conducted in major cities across India such as Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bengaluru, Kolkata, Lucknow, Hyderabad, Bhopal, and many others. The Main Examination is conducted at selected centres only. The final allotted centre is mentioned on the admit card.


Admit Card
The e-Admit Card is released on the official UPSC website approximately 2–3 weeks before the examination.

Steps to download:

  1. Visit upsc.gov.in

  2. Go to the Admit Card section

  3. Login using Registration ID or Roll Number

  4. Download and print the admit card

Candidates must carry the admit card along with a valid photo ID to the exam centre.


Exam Result
Results are declared stage-wise on the official UPSC website.

Steps to check:

  1. Visit upsc.gov.in

  2. Go to the Results section

  3. Download the result PDF

  4. Search your Roll Number

Prelims results show only qualified candidates. Detailed marks are released after the final result.

Candidates who qualify:

  • Prelims → Fill DAF for Mains

  • Mains → Appear for Interview


Important Links

DescriptionLink
Official Websiteupsc.gov.in
Official NotificationAvailable on UPSC website

Overview
The UPSC Engineering Services Examination (ESE/IES) is a national-level competitive examination conducted by the Union Public Service Commission to recruit engineering graduates for prestigious government positions. The exam is held every year for four major engineering disciplines: Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, and Electronics & Telecommunication.

The recruitment process consists of three stages—Preliminary Examination, Main Examination, and Personality Test. Both the Preliminary and Main exams are conducted in offline mode. The Preliminary stage is objective in nature, while the Main examination is descriptive. Candidates who qualify in both stages are called for the final interview, which is conducted with strict evaluation standards.

ParticularsDetails
Exam NameIndian Engineering Services (IES)
Conducting AuthorityUnion Public Service Commission (UPSC)
PurposeRecruitment to Group ‘A’ and Group ‘B’ engineering posts in Government of India
Exam LevelNational
Mode of ExaminationOffline
Prelims Date08 February 2026
Official Websitehttps://upsc.gov.in

Eligibility Criteria
Eligibility for ESE 2026 is provisional at all stages and is verified after the Personality Test. Candidates must ensure they meet all conditions mentioned in the official notification.

Nationality
A candidate must be:

  • A citizen of India, or

  • A subject of Nepal or Bhutan, or

  • A Tibetan refugee who migrated to India before 1 January 1962 for permanent settlement, or

  • A person of Indian origin who migrated from specified countries with the intention of settling permanently in India.

Candidates falling under certain categories must produce a certificate of eligibility issued by the Government of India.


Age Limit (as on 01 January 2026)

  • Minimum Age: 21 years

  • Maximum Age: 30 years

Age Relaxation

CategoryRelaxation
SC/ST5 years
OBC (Non-Creamy Layer)3 years
PwBDUp to 10 years
Defence Personnel disabled in serviceUp to 8 years
Ex-Servicemen / ECOs / SSCOsUp to 5 years
Government Servants (specified departments)Up to 5–7 years

Important Notes

  • Age is calculated strictly as per the notification date.

  • Date of birth must match the Matriculation certificate.

  • No change in DOB is allowed later.

  • There is no limit on the number of attempts, provided age criteria are met.


Educational Qualification
Candidates must possess any of the following:

  • A degree in Engineering from a recognized university, or

  • Sections A & B of the Institution of Engineers (India), or

  • Equivalent professional qualifications such as IETE, Aeronautical Society membership, or recognized foreign engineering degrees.

For certain Electronics-related posts, an M.Sc. in relevant subjects may also be accepted.


Medical and Physical Standards
Candidates recommended for appointment must undergo a medical examination conducted by the concerned department. The Medical Board’s decision will be final. Candidates must meet the physical fitness standards prescribed in the official ESE rules.


Exam Pattern
The ESE 2026 examination is conducted in three stages with a total of 1300 marks.

Stage I: Preliminary Examination (Objective)

  • Total Marks: 500

  • Paper I: General Studies & Engineering Aptitude – 200 marks (2 hours)

  • Paper II: Engineering Discipline – 300 marks (3 hours)

  • Around 6–7 times the vacancies are shortlisted for the Main exam.

  • Separate cut-offs are applied for both papers.


Stage II: Main Examination (Conventional)

  • Total Marks: 600

  • Two descriptive papers of the chosen engineering discipline

  • Duration: 3 hours each (6 hours total)

  • Conducted at limited centres

  • Evaluates technical depth and problem-solving ability.


Stage III: Personality Test

  • Marks: 200

  • Candidates shortlisted based on Prelims and Mains performance

  • Conducted by a UPSC board

  • Assesses personality traits, leadership, decision-making, technical clarity, and communication skills

  • Final merit is prepared based on Prelims + Mains + Interview marks.


Important Points

  • Question papers are available in English only.

  • Negative marking (1/3) is applicable only in the Preliminary exam.

  • No penalty for unanswered questions.

  • About 6–7 times the vacancies qualify for Mains and about twice the vacancies for Interview.

  • PwBD candidates are eligible for compensatory time as per rules.

  • Calculators are allowed only in the Main exam.

  • Up to 5% marks may be deducted for poor handwriting in Mains.

  • Standard SI units and data tables are provided where required.


Exam Syllabus
The syllabus is based on the level of an engineering graduate. It includes both theoretical understanding and practical application.

Common Topics (Prelims Paper I)

  • Current national and international developments related to engineering and industry

  • Engineering mathematics and numerical analysis

  • Logical reasoning and analytical ability

  • Design principles, drawing, and safety

  • Quality standards and engineering practices

  • Energy, environment, and climate issues

  • Project management basics

  • Material science fundamentals

  • ICT tools and their engineering applications

  • Engineering ethics and professional values

Discipline-Specific Syllabus
Separate detailed syllabi are prescribed for:

  • Civil Engineering

  • Mechanical Engineering

  • Electrical Engineering

  • Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering

Each discipline covers core technical subjects equivalent to university-level engineering and is applicable to both Prelims Paper II and the Main examination.


Selection Process
The recruitment process is completed in three stages:

Stage 1 – Preliminary Examination
Objective screening test consisting of two papers. Candidates scoring above the cut-off are shortlisted for the Main examination.

Stage 2 – Main Examination
Descriptive technical papers that assess conceptual clarity, analytical ability, and subject knowledge. Marks from this stage are considered for final merit.

Stage 3 – Personality Test
Interview conducted by UPSC to evaluate technical competence, personality, leadership qualities, and decision-making skills.

Final Selection
The final merit list is prepared based on marks obtained in the Main Examination and Interview. Allocation to services such as IRMS, CPWD, BRO, and others is done based on rank, preferences, medical fitness, and availability of vacancies.

EXAM SYLLABUS

The exam covers four categories: Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, and Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering. The syllabus for Stage-I (Preliminary) Paper-I (General Studies and Engineering Aptitude) is common to all. Stage-I Paper-II and Stage-II (Main) Papers I & II are discipline-specific, with the content combined across both Main papers (as they are conventional/descriptive).

SYLLABUS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


Paper I

Topic

Topic Description 

Weightage

Building Materials

Stone, Lime, Glass,  Plastics, Steel, FRP, Ceramics, Aluminum, Fly Ash, Basic Admixtures, Timber,  Bricks and Aggregates: 
Classification, properties and selection criteria; 
Cement: Types, Composition, Properties, Uses, Specifications and various Tests; Lime & Cement Mortars and Concrete: 
Properties and various Tests; Design of Concrete Mixes: Proportioning of aggregates and methods of mix design

5 Out of 8 Questions

Solid Mechanics

Elastic constants, Stress, plane stress, Strains, plane strain, Mohr’s circle of stress and  strain, Elastic  theories of  failure, 
Principal Stresses, Bending, Shear and Torsion.

Structural Analysis

Basics of strength of materials, Types of stresses and strains, Bending moments and shear force, concept of bending and 
shear  stresses;  Analysis  of  determinate  and  indeterminate  structures;  Trusses,  beams,  plane  frames;  Rolling  loads, 
Influence  Lines,  Unit  load  method  &  other  methods;  Free  and  Forced  vibrations  of  single  degree  and  multi  degree 
freedom system; Suspended Cables; Concepts and use of Computer Aided Design.

Design of Steel Structures

Principles of Working Stress methods, Design of tension and compression members, Design of beams and beam column 
connections, built-up sections, Girders, Industrial roofs, Principles of Ultimate load design.

Design of Concrete
and Masonry structures

Limit  state  design  for  bending,  shear,  axial  compression  and  combined  forces;  Design  of  beams,  Slabs,  Lintels, 
Foundations,  Retaining  walls,  Tanks,  Staircases;  Principles  of  pre-stressed  concrete  design  including  materials  and 
methods; Earthquake resistant design of structures; Design of Masonry Structure. 

Construction Practice
Planning and Management

Construction – Planning, Equipment,  Site investigation and  Management including Estimation with the latest project
management tools and network analysis for different Types  of  works; Analysis of Rates of various  types of  works; 
Tendering Process and Contract Management, Quality  Control,  Productivity, Operation Cost; Land acquisition; Labour safety and welfare. 

Paper II

Topic

Topic Description

Weightage

Flow of Fluids, Hydraulic Machines and Hydro Power

(a) Fluid Mechanics, Open Channel Flow, Pipe Flow:
Fluid properties; Dimensional Analysis and Modeling; Fluid dynamics including flow kinematics and measurements; Flow net;  Viscosity,  Boundary  layer  and  control, Drag, Lift, Principles  in  open  channel  flow,  Flow controls.  Hydraulic  jump; Surges; Pipe networks

5 Out of 8 Questions

(b) Hydraulic Machines and Hydro power :
Various  pumps, Air  vessels, Hydraulic  turbines – types,  classifications  &  performance  parameters;  Power  house-classification and layout, storage, pondage, control of supply.

Hydrology and Water
Resources Engineering

Hydrological cycle, Ground water  hydrology, Well  hydrology and related  data analysis; Streams and  their gauging; River morphology; Flood, drought and their management; Capacity of Reservoirs

Water  Resources  Engineering  :  Multipurpose  uses  of  Water,  River  basins  and  their  potential;  Irrigation  systems,  water demand assessment; Resources – storages and their yields; Water logging, canal and drainage design, Gravity dams, falls, weirs, Energy dissipaters, barrage Distribution works, Cross drainage works and head-works and their design; Concepts in canal design, construction & maintenance; River training, measurement and analysis of rainfall

Environmental Engineering

(a) Water Supply Engineering:
Sources, Estimation, quality standards and testing of water and their treatment; Rural, Institutional and industrial water 
supply; Physical, chemical and biological characteristics and sources of water, Pollutants in water and its effects, Estimation of water demand; Drinking water Standards, Water Treatment Plants, Water distribution networks. 

(b) Waste Water Engineering:
Planning & design of domestic waste water, sewage collection and disposal; Plumbing Systems. Components and layout of  sewerage  system;  Planning  &  design  of  Domestic  Wastewater  disposal  system;  Sludge management  including treatment,  disposal  and  re-use  of  treated effluents;  Industrial  waste  waters  and  Effluent Treatment  Plants  including institutional and industrial sewage management

(c) Solid Waste Management:
Sources & classification of  solid  wastes  along with planning  &  design of  its management system; Disposal  system, Beneficial aspects of wastes and Utilization by Civil Engineers. 

(d)  Air, Noise pollution and Ecology: 
Concepts & general methodology.

Geo-technical Engineering
and Foundation Engineering

(a) Geo-technical Engineering:
Soil exploration – planning & methods, Properties of soil, classification, various tests and inter- relationships; Permeability & Seepage, Compressibility, consolidation and Shearing resistance, Earth pressure theories and  stress distribution in soil; Properties and uses of geo-synthetics. 

(b)  Foundation  Engineering:  
Types  of foundations  &  selection criteria, bearing capacity, settlement  analysis, design and testing of shallow & deep foundations;  Slope stability analysis, Earthen  embankments, Dams and  Earth retaining structures: types, analysis and design, Principles of ground modifications.

Surveying and Geology:

(a) Surveying: 
Classification  of  surveys, various methodologies, instruments & analysis  of  measurement of distances, elevation and directions; Field astronomy, Global  Positioning System;  Map preparation; Photogrammetry; Remote sensing concepts; Survey Layout for culverts,  canals, bridges, road/railway alignment and buildings,  Setting out of Curves.

(b) Geology-
Basic knowledge of Engineering geology & its application in projects.

Transportation Engineering

Highways –
Planning & construction methodology, Alignment and geometric design; Traffic Surveys and Controls; Principles of Flexible and Rigid pavements design

Tunneling – Alignment, methods of construction, disposal of muck, drainage, lighting and ventilation.

Railways Systems 
Terminology, Planning, designs and maintenance practices; track modernization.

Harbours –
Terminology, layouts and planning.

 Airports –
Layout, planning & design.

SYLLABUS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


Paper I

Topic

Topic Description

Weightage

Fluid Mechanics

Basic Concepts and Properties of Fluids, Manometry, Fluid Statics, Buoyancy, Equations of Motion, Bernoulli’s equation and applications, Viscous flow of incompressible fluids, Laminar and Turbulent flows, Flow through pipes and head losses in pipes

5 Out of 8 Questions

Thermodynamics
and Heat transfer

Thermodynamic systems and processes; properties of pure substance; Zeroth, First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics; Entropy, Irreversibility and availability; analysis of thermodynamic cycles related to energy conversion: Rankine, Otto, Diesel and Dual Cycles; ideal and real gases; compressibility factor; Gas mixtures.

Modes of heat transfer, Steady and unsteady heat conduction, Thermal resistance, Fins, Free and forced convection, Correlations for convective heat transfer, Radiative heat transfer – Radiation heat transfer co-efficient; boiling and condensation, Heat exchanger performance analysis.

IC Engines, Refrigeration
and Air conditioning

SI and CI Engines, Engine Systems and Components, Performance characteristics and testing of IC Engines; Fuels; Emissions and Emission Control. Vapour compression refrigeration, Refrigerants and Working cycles, Compressors, Condensers, Evaporators and Expansion devices, Other types of refrigeration systems like Vapour Absorption, Vapour jet, thermo electric and Vortex tube refrigeration. Psychometric properties and processes, Comfort chart, Comfort and industrial air conditioning, Load calculations and Heat pumps

Turbo Machinery

Reciprocating and Rotary pumps, Pelton wheel, Kaplan and Francis Turbines, velocity diagrams, Impulse and Reaction principles, Steam and Gas Turbines, Theory of Jet Propulsion – Pulse jet and Ram Jet Engines, Reciprocating and Rotary Compressors – Theory and Applications

Power Plant Engineering

Rankine and Brayton cycles with regeneration and reheat, Fuels and their properties, Flue gas analysis, Boilers, steam turbines and other power plant components like condensers, air ejectors, electrostatic precipitators and cooling towers – their theory and design, types and applications

Renewable Sources of Energy

Solar Radiation, Solar Thermal Energy collection – Flat Plate and focusing collectors their materials and performance. Solar Thermal Energy Storage, Applications – heating, cooling and Power Generation; Solar Photovoltaic Conversion; Harnessing of Wind Energy, Bio-mass and Tidal Energy – Methods and Applications, Working principles of Fuel Cells

Paper II

Topic

Topic Description

Weightage

Engineering Mechanics

Basic Crystallography, Alloys and Phase diagrams, Heat Treatment, Ferrous and Non Ferrous Metals, Non metallic materials, Basics of Nano-materials, Mechanical Properties and Testing, Corrosion prevention and control

5 Out of 8 Questions

Engineering Materials

Basic Crystallography, Alloys and Phase diagrams, Heat Treatment, Ferrous and Non Ferrous Metals, Non metallic materials, Basics of Nano-materials, Mechanical Properties and Testing, Corrosion prevention and control

Mechanisms and Machines

Types of Kinematics Pair, Mobility, Inversions, Kinematic Analysis, Velocity and Acceleration Analysis of Planar Mechanisms, CAMs with uniform acceleration and retardation, cycloidal motion, oscillating followers; Vibrations –Free and forced vibration of undamped and damped SDOF systems, Transmissibility Ratio, Vibration Isolation, Critical Speed of Shafts. Gears – Geometry of tooth profiles, Law of gearing, Involute profile, Interference, Helical, Spiral and Worm Gears, Gear Trains- Simple, compound and Epicyclic; Dynamic Analysis – Slider – crank mechanisms, turning moment computations, balancing of Revolving & Reciprocating masses, Gyroscopes –Effect of Gyroscopic couple on automobiles, ships and aircrafts, Governors.

Design of Machine Elements

Design for static and dynamic loading; failure theories; fatigue strength and the S-N diagram; principles of the design of machine elements such as riveted, welded and bolted joints. Shafts, Spur gears, rolling and sliding contact bearings, Brakes and clutches, flywheels

Manufacturing, Industrial
and Maintenance Engineering

Metal casting-Metal forming, Metal Joining, Machining and machine tool operations, Limits, fits and tolerances, Metrology and inspection, computer Integrated manufacturing, FMS, Production planning and Control, Inventory control and operations research – CPM-PERT. Failure concepts and characteristics-Reliability, Failure analysis, Machine Vibration, Data acquisition, Fault Detection, Vibration Monitoring, Field Balancing of Rotors, Noise Monitoring, Wear and Debris Analysis, Signature Analysis, NDT Techniques in Condition Monitoring

Mechatronics and Robotics

Microprocessors and Microcontrollers: Architecture, programming, I/O, Computer interfacing, Programmable logic controller. Sensors and actuators, Piezoelectric accelerometer, Hall effect sensor, Optical Encoder, Resolver, Inductosyn, Pneumatic and Hydraulic actuators, stepper motor, Control Systems- Mathematical modeling of Physical systems, control signals, controllability and observability. Robotics, Robot Classification, Robot Specification, notation; Direct and Inverse Kinematics; Homogeneous Coordinates and Arm Equation of four Axis SCARA Robot.


SYLLABUS OF ELECTRIAL ENGINEERING


Paper I

Topic

Topic Description

Weightage

Engineering Mathematics

Matrix theory, Eigen values & Eigen vectors, system of linear equations, Numerical methods for solution of non-linear algebraic equations and differential equations, integral calculus, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, Line, Surface and Volume Integrals. Fourier series, linear, non-linear and partial differential equations, initial and boundary value problems, complex variables, Taylor’s and Laurent’s series, residue theorem, probability and statistics fundamentals, Sampling theorem, random variables, Normal and Poisson distributions, correlation and regression analysis.

5 Out of 8 Questions

Electrical Materials

Electrical Engineering Materials, crystal structures and defects, ceramic materials, insulating materials, magnetic materials- basics, properties and applications; ferrities, ferro-magnetic materials and components; basics of solid state physics, conductors; Photo-conductivity; Basics of Nano materials and Superconductors

Electric Circuits and Fields

Circuit elements, network graph, KCL, KVL, Node and Mesh analysis, ideal current and voltage sources, Thevenin’s, Norton’s, Superposition and Maximum Power Transfer theorems, transient response of DC and AC networks, Sinusoidal steady state analysis, basic filter concepts, two-port networks, three phase circuits, Magnetically coupled circuits, Gauss Theorem, electric field and potential due to point, line, plane and spherical charge distributions, Ampere’s and Biot- Savart’s laws; inductance, dielectrics, capacitance; Maxwell’s equations

Electrical and Electronic Measurements

Principles of measurement, accuracy, precision and standards; Bridges and potentiometers; moving coil, moving iron, dynamometer and induction type instruments, measurement of voltage, current, power, energy and power factor, instrument transformers, digital voltmeters and multi-meters, phase, time and frequency measurement, Q-meters, oscilloscopes, potentiometric recorders, error analysis, Basics of sensors, Transducers, basics of data acquisition systems

Computer Fundamentals

Number systems, Boolean algebra, arithmetic functions, Basic Architecture, Central Processing Unit, I/O and Memory Organisation; peripheral devices, data represenation and programming, basics of Operating system and networking, virtual memory, file systems; Elements of programming languages, typical examples.

Basic Electronics Engineering

Basics of Semiconductor diodes and transistors and characteristics, Junction and field effect transistors (BJT, FET and MOSFETS), different types of transistor amplifiers, equivalent circuits and frequency response; oscillators and other circuits, feedback amplifiers.

Paper II

Topic

Topic Description

Weightage

Analog and
Digital Electronics

Operational amplifiers – characteristics and applications, combinational and sequential logic circuits, multiplexers, multi- vibrators, sample and hold circuits, A/D and D/A converters, basics of filter circuits and applications, simple active filters; Microprocessor basics- interfaces and applications, basics of linear integrated circuits; Analog communication basics, Modulation and de-modulation, noise and bandwidth, transmitters and receivers, signal to noise ratio, digital communication basics, sampling, quantizing, coding, frequency and time domain multiplexing, power line carrier communication systems.

5 Out of 8 Questions

Systems and Signal Processing 

Representation of continuous and discrete-time signals, shifting and scaling operations, linear, time-invariant and causal systems, Fourier series representation of continuous periodic signals, sampling theorem, Fourier and Laplace transforms, Z transforms, Discrete Fourier transform, FFT, linear convolution, discrete cosine transform, FIR filter, IIR filter, bilinear transformation

Control Systems

Principles of feedback, transfer function, block diagrams and signal flow graphs, steady-state errors, transforms and their applications; Routh-hurwitz criterion, Nyquist techniques, Bode plots, root loci, lag, lead and lead-lag compensation, stability analysis, transient and frequency response analysis, state space model, state transition matrix, controllability and observability, linear state variable feedback, PID and industrial controllers.

Electrical Machines 

Single phase transformers, three phase transformers- connections, parallel operation, auto-transformer, energy conversion principles, DC machines – types, windings, generator characteristics, armature reaction and commutation, starting and speed control of motors, Induction motors – principles, types, performance characteristics, starting and speed control, Synchronous machines – performance, regulation, parallel operation of generators, motor starting, characteristics and applications, servo and stepper motors

Power Systems 

Basic power generation concepts, steam, gas and water turbines, transmission line models and performance, cable performance, insulation, corona and radio interference, power factor correction, symmetrical components, fault analysis, principles of protection systems, basics of solid state relays and digital protection; Circuit breakers, Radial and ring-main distribution systems, Matrix representation of power systems, load flow analysis, voltage control and economic operation, System stability concepts, Swing curves and equal area criterion. HVDC transmission and FACTS concepts, Concepts of power system dynamics, distributed generation, solar and wind power, smart grid concepts, environmental implications, fundamentals of power economics

Power Electronics
and Drives 

Semiconductor power diodes, transistors, thyristors, triacs, GTOs, MOSFETs and IGBTs – static characteristics and principles of operation, triggering circuits, phase control rectifiers, bridge converters – fully controlled and half controlled, principles of choppers and inverters, basis concepts of adjustable speed DC and AC drives, DC-DC switched mode converters, DC-AC switched mode converters, resonant converters, high frequency inductors and transformers, power supplies

SYLLABUS OF ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING


Paper I

Topic

Topic Description

Weightage

Basic Electronics Engineering

Basics of  semiconductors; Diode/Transistor basics and characteristics; Diodes  for different uses; Junction & Field Effect Transistors  (BJTs,  JFETs,  MOSFETs); Transistor  amplifiers of different types, oscillators and other circuits;  Basics  of Integrated Circuits (ICs); Bipolar, MOS and CMOS ICs; Basics of linear ICs, operational amplifiers and their applications-linear/ non-linear; Optical sources/detectors; Basics of Opto electronics and its applications.

5 Out of 8 Questions

Basic Electrical Engineering

DC  circuits-Ohm’s &  Kirchoff’s  laws, mesh  and  nodal  analysis,  circuit  theorems;  Electro-magnetism,  Faraday’s &  Lenz’s  laws,  induced  EMF  and  its  uses;  Single-phase  AC  circuits;  Transformers,  efficiency;  Basics-DC  machines,  induction  machines,  and  synchronous  machines;  Electrical  power  sources- basics: hydroelectric, thermal, nuclear, wind,  solar;  Basics of batteries and their uses

Materials Science

Electrical Engineering materials; Crystal structure & defects;  Ceramic materials-structures, composites, processing and 
uses; Insulating laminates for electronics, structures, properties  and  uses;  Magnetic  materials basics, classification, ferrites, ferro/para-magnetic materials and components; Nano materials-basics, preparation, purification, sintering, nano particles and uses; Nano optical/ magnetic/ electronic materials and uses; Superconductivity, uses. 

Electronic Measurements & Instrumentation

Principles of measurement, accuracy, precision and standards; Analog and Digital systems for measurement, measuring 
instruments for different applications; Static/dynamic characteristics of measurement systems, errors, statistical analysis and curve fitting; Measurement systems for non-electrical quantities; Basics of telemetry; Different types of transducers  and displays; Data acquisition system basics

Network Theory

Network graphs & matrices; Wye-Delta  transformation; Linear constant coefficient  differential equations- time domain  analysis of RLC circuits; Solution  of  network equations using  Laplace  transforms- frequency  domain analysis of RLC  circuits;  2-port  network parameters-driving point & transfer functions; State equations for networks; Steady state sinusoidal analysis. 

Analog & Digital Circuits

Small signal equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTS and FETs; Diode circuits for different uses; Biasing & stability of BJT & JFET amplifier circuits; Analysis/design of amplifier- single/multi-stage; Feedback& uses; Active filters, timers, multipliers, wave 
shaping, A/D-D/A  converters; Boolean Algebra& uses;  Logic gates, Digital IC  families, Combinatorial/sequential circuits;  Basics of multiplexers, counters/ registers/ memories /microprocessors, design& applications.

Paper II

Topic

Topic Description

Weightage

Analog and Digital Communication Systems

Random signals, noise, probability theory, information theory; Analog versus digital communication & applications: Systems- AM, FM, transmitters/receivers, theory/practice/ standards, SNR comparison; Digital communication basics: Sampling, quantizing, coding, PCM, DPCM, multiplexing-audio/video; Digital modulation: ASK, FSK, PSK; Multiple access: TDMA, FDMA, CDMA; Optical communication: fibre optics, theory, practice/standards

5 Out of 8 Questions

Control Systems

Classification of signals and systems; Application of signal and system theory; System realization; Transforms& their applications; Signal flow graphs, Routh-Hurwitz criteria, root loci, Nyquist/Bode plots; Feedback systems-open &close loop types, stability analysis, steady state, transient and frequency response analysis; Design of control systems, compensators, elements of lead/lag compensation, PID and industrial controllers

Computer Organization and Architecture

Basic architecture, CPU, I/O organisation, memory organisation, peripheral devices, trends; Hardware /software issues; Data representation& Programming; Operating systems-basics, processes, characteristics, applications; Memory management, virtual memory, file systems, protection & security; Data bases, different types, characteristics and design; Transactions and concurrency control; Elements of programming languages, typical examples.

Electro Magnetics

Elements of vector calculus, Maxwell’s equations-basic concepts; Gauss’, Stokes’ theorems; Wave propagation through different media; Transmission Lines-different types, basics, Smith’s chart, impedance matching/transformation, S- parameters, pulse excitation, uses; Waveguides-basics, rectangular types, modes, cut-off frequency, dispersion, dielectric types; Antennas-radiation pattern, monopoles/dipoles, gain, arrays-active/passive, theory, uses.

Advanced Electronics Topics

VLSI technology: Processing, lithography, interconnects, packaging, testing; VLSI design: Principles, MUX/ROM/PLA-based design, Moore & Mealy circuit design; Pipeline concepts & functions; Design for testability, examples; DSP: Discrete time signals/systems, uses; Digital filters: FIR/IIR types, design, speech/audio/radar signal processing uses; Microprocessors & microcontrollers, basics, interrupts, DMA, instruction sets, interfacing; Controllers & uses; Embedded systems

Advanced Communication Topics

Communication networks: Principles /practices /technologies /uses /OSI model/security; Basic packet multiplexed streams/scheduling; Cellular networks, types, analysis, protocols (TCP/TCPIP); Microwave & satellite communication: Terrestrial/space type LOS systems, block schematics link calculations, system design; Communication satellites, orbits, characteristics, systems, uses; Fibre-optic communication systems, block schematics, link calculations, system design, etc.



EXAM PATTERN

The ESE 2026 is conducted in three stages: Preliminary (Stage I)Main (Stage II), and Personality Test (Stage III). The exam is for recruitment to Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, and Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering categories. The total marks are 1300 (500 for Prelims + 600 for Mains + 200 for Interview).

The Preliminary Exam is scheduled for 8 February 2026 (objective type). Qualifiers proceed to Mains (conventional type, tentative date around June 2026), followed by the Personality Test for shortlisted candidates.

Stage I: Preliminary Examination (Objective Type)


Purpose: Screening test. Marks count for final merit.


Format: Two papers with multiple-choice questions (4 options each).


Total Marks: 500


Duration: Paper-I: 2 hours; Paper-II: 3 hours.


Qualification Ratio: About 6-7 times the vacancies are admitted to Mains.

Minimum Qualifying: Separate cut-offs for Paper-I and Paper-II.

Category

Paper

Subject

Duration

Max Marks

All Categories (Civil/Mechanical/Electrical/Electronics & Telecom)

Paper-I

General Studies and Engineering Aptitude (Common)

2 hours

200

Civil Engineering

Paper-II

Civil Engineering

3 hours

300

Mechanical Engineering

Paper-II

Mechanical Engineering

3 hours

300

Electrical Engineering

Paper-II

Electrical Engineering

3 hours

300


Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering

Paper-II

Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering

3 hours

300

Total

5 hours

500

Stage II: Main Examination (Conventional Type)

Purpose: In-depth assessment. Answers in essay/descriptive format.


Format: Two papers (candidates write in their own hand; no scribe unless PwBD-eligible).


Total Marks: 600


Duration: 3 hours per paper (6 hours total).


Venue: Limited centres

Category

Paper

Subject

Duration

Max Marks

Civil Engineering

Paper-I

Civil Engineering

3 hours

300

Paper-II

Civil Engineering

3 hours

300

Mechanical Engineering

Paper-I

Mechanical Engineering

3 hours

300

Paper-II

Mechanical Engineering

3 hours

300

Electrical Engineering

Paper-I

Electrical Engineering

3 hours

300

Paper-II

Electrical Engineering

3 hours

300

Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering

Paper-I

Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering

3 hours

300

Paper-II

Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering

3 hours

300

Total

  

6 hours

600

Stage-III: Personality Test (Interview)


Marks: 200 (no minimum qualifying marks).


Purpose: Assess leadership, initiative, intellectual curiosity, tact, social qualities, mental/physical energy, practical application, and integrity.


Shortlisting: About twice the vacancies, based on Prelims + Mains marks.


Format: Oral interview by UPSC board. No fixed duration, but typically 20-30 minutes.


Final Merit: Based on total marks (Prelims + Mains + Interview). Allocation to services/posts (e.g., IRMS, Central Engineering Service) per rank, preferences, and vacancies.

Important Points


Language: Question papers are in English only. Answers for conventional papers must be in English.


Negative Marking (Prelims only): 1/3rd of the marks deducted for each wrong answer. No penalty for unanswered questions. Multiple answers are treated as wrong.


Qualifying Criteria: Minimum marks fixed by UPSC for each stage. Prelims marks count towards the final merit.


Number of Candidates: About 6-7 times the vacancies (474) qualify for Mains. For the Interview, about twice the vacancies.


Scribe & Compensatory Time for PwBD: Allowed under specific conditions (e.g., 20 minutes extra per hour for Low Vision or other eligible disabilities; see Official Notification in Appendix IV to VI).


Handwriting & Presentation: Up to 5% deduction in Mains for illegible handwriting. Credit for orderly, effective expression with economy of words.


Calculators: Permitted only for Mains (battery-operated, non-programmable). Not allowed in Prelims.


SI Units: Used where required; standard tables/charts provided in exam hall.


Irrelevant Content: Penalty if answer scripts contain marks/signs revealing identity.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA

Candidates willing to apply for Indian Engineering Services (IES)  Examination are required to fulfil certain conditions to be eligible for it. The candidate who does not satisfy the Eligibility criteria like Age, Minimum educational qualification etc., their candidature shall be rejected by the authorities. The criteria for eligibility Indian Engineering Services (IES) are decided by the conduction body itself. The candidate’s eligibility for Indian Engineering Services (IES) Examination is based on the fulfilment of the following conditions:-

1. Nationality

2. Age Limit & Relaxations

3. Educational Qualifications

4. Medical Examination

5. Physical Standards

Nationality

A candidate must be either:-

1. a citizen of India; or

2. a subject of Nepal; or

3. a subject of Bhutan; or

4. a Tibetan refugee who came over to India, before the 1st January 1962, with the intention of permanently settling in India; or

5. a person of Indian origin who has migrated from Pakistan, Burma, Sri Lanka, East African countries of Kenya, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Zaire and Ethiopia or Vietnam with the intention of permanently settling in India.

Provided that a candidate belonging to categories (2), (3), (4) & (5) above shall be a person in whose favour a certificate of eligibility has been issues by the Government of India.

Note :- A candidate in whose case a certificate of eligibility is necessary, may be admitted to the examination, but the offer of appointment may be given only after the necessary eligibility certificate has been issued to him/her by the Government of India.

Age limit (as on 01 January 2026)

1. A candidate for this examination must have attained the age of 21 years and must not have attained the age of 30 years .

2. The upper age limit of 30 Years will be relaxable upto 35 years in the case of Government servants of the following categories, if they are employed in a Department/ Office under the control of any of the authorities mentioned in the Column 1 below and apply for admission to the examination for all or any of the Service(s)/ Post(s) mentioned in the Column 2, for which they are otherwise eligible.

3. A candidate who holds substantively a permanent post in the particular Department/ Office concerned. This relaxation will not be admissible to the probationer appointed against a permanent post in the Department/ Office during the period of his probation. However, this relaxation will admissible  to the probationer so appointed provided he/she already retains a lien on a permanent post in Department/ Office under the control of any of the authorities mentioned in Column 1 below.

4. A candidate who has been continuously in a temporary service on a regular basis in the particular Department/ Office for at least 3 years on the Department/Office under the control of the authorities mentioned in the below table:

Column 1

Column 2

Ministry of Railways (Railway Board) 

I.R.S.E/I.R.S.M.E/I.R.S.E.E./I.R.S.S.E./I.R.S.S. 

Central Public Works  Department 

C.E.S. Group ‘A’, CE&MES Gr ‘A’ 

Ministry of Road Transport and Highways 

Central Engineering Service (Roads) Gr. ‘A’ 

Ministry of Communication, Deptt. of  Telecommunication  

Indian Radio Regulatory Service  Group ‘A’  Indian  Telecommunication Service Group ‘A’,   J.T.O. (G.C.S. Gr. ‘B’)

Min of Defence, Deptt. of Defence Production,  Directorate General of Aeronautical Quality  Assurance 

Defence Aeronautical Quality Assurance Service (DAQAS)Gr ‘A’

Min of Science and Technology, Deptt. of          Science and Technology

Survey of India Gr ‘A’ Service

Geological Survey of India 

Assistant Executive Engineer Gr ‘A’

Border Roads Organisation 

BRES Gr. ‘A’

Indian Navy       

Indian Naval Armament Service,  Asstt. Naval Store Officer  Grade-I

Military Engineer Services 

Indian Defence Service of Engineers (lDSE)  Group ‘A’  AEE(QS&C) in Military  Engineer Service (MES) Surveyor Cadre

Min of Jal Shakti,  Deptt. of Water Resources,  River  Development & Ganga Rejuvenation, Central  Water Commission   

Central Water Engineering Group-A Service

Central Electricity Authority 

CPES Gr ‘A’ & CPES Gr ‘B’.

Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship 

Indian Skill Development Service

Relaxation in upper age limit

Category

Years

Scheduled Caste or a Scheduled Tribe

5 Years

Other Backward Classes

3 Years

Candidate who has ordinarily been domiciled in the State of Jammu & Kashmir during the period from January 1, 1980, to December 31, 1989

5 Years

Defence Services Personnel disabled in operations during hostilities with any foreign country or in a disturbed area, and released as a consequence thereof.

Maximum of 3 years

Ex-servicemen, including Commissioned Officers and ECOs/ SSCOs who have rendered at least five years Military Service as on August 1

Maximum of 5 years

(a) blindness & low vision,
(b) deaf & hard of hearing,
(c) locomotor disability including cerebral palsy, leprosy cured, dwarfism, acid attack victims and muscular dystrophy,
(d) autism, intellectual disability, specific learning disability and mental illness, (e) multiple disabilities from amongst person under clauses (a) to (d) including deaf-blindness.

Maximum of 10 years




Educational Qualification

For admission to the examination, a candidate must have – 

1. Educational Institutions established by an Act of Parliament or declared to be deemed as Universities under Section 3 of the University Grants Commission  Act, 1956

OR

2. Passed Sections A and B of the Institution Examinations of the Institution of Engineers (India)

OR

3. Obtained a degree/diploma in Engineering from such foreign University/ College/ Institution and under such conditions as may be recognised by the Government for the purpose from time to time 

OR

4. Passed Graduate Membership Examination of the Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (India)

OR

5. Passed Associate Membership Examination  Parts II and III/ Sections A and B of the Aeronautical Society of India.

OR
6. Passed Graduate Membership Examination of the Institution of Electronics and Radio Engineers, London held after November 1959

Provided that a candidate for the post of Indian Naval Armament Services (Electronics Engineering Posts) and Indian Radio Regulatory Services Group ‘A’ may possess any of the above qualifications or qualifications mentioned below namely:-

For Indian Naval Armament Services (Electronics Engg. Posts)

M.Sc. degree or its equivalent with Wireless Communication Electronics, Radio Physics or Radio Engineering as special subject.

For Indian Radio Regulatory Service Group ‘A’ 

M.Sc. degree or its equivalent with Wireless Communication Electronics, Radio Physics or Radio Engineering as a subject or Master’s  Degree in Science with Physics and  Radio Communication or Electronics or Telecommunication as a special subject.

INDIAN ENGINEERING SERVICES (IES) MEDICAL EXAMINATION

Candidates finally recommended by the Commission on the basis of Engineering Services Examination, shall be required to undergo medical examination.

1. Every candidate, on being finally recommended by Commission will be required to undergo medical examination as and when so decided by the Ministry of  Railways (Railway Board) irrespective of the fact that he/she has appeared for such medical examination in the past and found fit/unfit on the basis of earlier examination.

2. The medical examination will be conducted at various Railway Hospitals under Ministry of Railways (Railway Board). The findings of the Railways Medical Board will be taken as final and binding for all allotment purposes.

UPSC INDIAN ENGINEERING SERVICES (IES) PHYSICAL STANDARDS

The Minimum standards, without which candidate cannot be accepted are as follows :-


For Height and Chest

Name of Services

Height

Chest girth fully expanded

Expansion

Railway Engineering Service (Civil, Electrical, Mechanical and Signal), Central Engineering Service Group A, CES (Roads), Central Electrical & Mechanical Engineering Service Group A in the C.P.W.D. Military Engineer services (IDSE) CWES, BRES. Gr. ‘A’ in Border Roads Organisation.

   

For Male Candidates

152 cm

84 cm

5 cm

For Female Candidates

150 cm

79 cm

5 cm

For distant and near vision with or without glasses

Service

Distant Vision

Near Vision

Better Eye
(Corrected Vision)

Worse Eye

Better Eye
(Corrected Vision)

Worse Eye

A. Technical

Railway Engineering Service
(Civil, Electrical, Mechanical and Signal)

6/6 or 6/9

6/12 or 6/9

J/ I

J/ II

Central Engineering Service Group A, Central Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Service Group A Central Water Engineering Service GroupA, Central Power Engineering Service Group A and Group ‘B’ Central Engineering Service (Roads), Group A Engineer Gr. ‘A’ in the Wireless Planning and Coordination Wing/ Monitoring Organisation Indian Telecommunication Service Gr. ‘A’, J.T.O Gr. B Assistant Executive Engineer, in P&T Building works (Gr. ‘A’) Service Indian Naval Armament Service. Indian Naval Stores Officer Indian Ordnance Factories Service Group A.

6/6 or 6/9

6/12 or 6/9

J/ I

J/ II

Assistant Executive Engineer (Group ‘A’) in theCorps of EME or or Military Engineer Service Group ‘A’. (IDSE), BRES Gr. ‘A’ in Border Roads Organisation

6/6 or 6/9

6/18 or 6/9

J/ I

J/ II

B. Non-Technical

Indian Railway Stores Service, Indian Supply Service. Group ‘A’

6/9

6/2

J/ I

J/ II

Note

1. In respect of the Technical Service mentioned at A above, the total amount of myopia (including the cylinder) shall not exceed—4,00 D. Total amount of Hypermetropia (including the cylinder) shall not exceed+400D.

2. In every case of myopia funds examination should be carried out and the results recorded. In the event of any pathological condition being present which is likely to be progressive and affect the efficiency of the candidate, he shall be declared unfit.

3. Radial Keratotomy/Laser Correction etc. shall be considered as a disqualification for appointment in Railway Technical Services (Civil, Mechanical, Electrical and Electronics). Permitted correction for conforming to prescribed visual standards is spectacles only.


For Colour perception

Grade

Higher Grade of colour perception

Lower Grade of colour perception

Distance between the lamp and the candidate

16 feet

16 feet

Size of aperture

1.3 mm

1.3 mm

Time of exposure

5 seconds

5 seconds


Note:- For the Railway Engineering Services (Civil, Electrical, Signal and Mechanical) and other service-connected with the safety of the public, a Higher grade of colour vision is essential but for others lower grade of colour, vision should be considered sufficient.

IMPORTANT DATES

For the UPSC Engineering Services Examination (ESE/IES) 2026, the notification was issued on 26 September 2025, and the application window remained open until 16 October 2025. The Preliminary examination was held on 8 February 2026, while the Main examination is scheduled for 21 June 2026.

Events

Date

UPSC ESE Notification 2026

26 September 2025

Last Date to Apply Online

16 October 2025

UPSC ESE Prelims Exam Date 2024

08 February 2026

UPSC ESE Mains Exam Date 2024

21 June 2026